The +10V power for analog input is indeed a output which can deliver a maximum of 20 mA
The return path for it is the GND analog signal common, so between these two terminals there should be 10 Volt pls. check it
I don't know if it's only there when parameter 00-05 is set to 1
I hope you connected the pot in the right way. The fact that your pot go's open could be that it's blown by wrong connecting
Attachment 488582
The picture is from the manual, but shows 12V where 10V should be