Da*n...
I just recognized that one of the steppers has been wrongly wound. And as I am not capable of rewinding a Stepper, it seems I have to buy a new one. The quality control seems to be really non existent...although a crude control would be so simple.
E.g. all my other steppers have 1.2Ohm per winding, and this motor does have 0.8Ohm on one winding and 1.6Ohm on the other winding...
Edit: I found some old Powermax Stepper in my "stuff-box". And it works!