Don't forget that the same weight of cast iron (which would be a thinner section) would also fail that sledge hammer test.
A sample which would pass that test would not be representitive of the desired properties of a machine part (100% epoxy would pass the test, but would not be rigid). For machine structures all you are looking for is rigidity and damping (and thermal, chemical stablity etc).
The beauty of polymer cement is that strength can be acheived by simply adding wall thickness to a feature to acheive the required strength. With Cast iron, that is very differcult as you need near uniform wall thickness of features in a pour.
The rigidity is in the aggregate. Try to add a mix of aggregate sizes up to about 1/5 the smallest feature size.