To find the phase pairs use an ohm meter and ring continuity. To find phase polarity, tape a tooth pick or some long stiff piece and tape it to the shaft to "magnify" the rotation. The take a D cell and connect a phase noting which way the step happens,clockwise or counterclockwise. Keep track so that you can determine whch lead connected to the + of the D cell makes it rotate the same direction. At the end you should be able to mark eah color pair belong to a phase, and which of the colors of the pair make it travel a certain direction. Thats enough to get you started so you can hook up a driver and determine the final pairing.