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IndustryArena Forum > CNC Electronics > CNC Machine Related Electronics > How to wire a toroidal transformer..need advice
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  1. #1
    Join Date
    Sep 2004
    Posts
    235

    How to wire a toroidal transformer..need advice

    Hi Group
    I intend to use this for two of my steppers. I already have one power
    supply in place. The two motors are 5 amps each with voltage rating
    of 3.1. Could someone help with the transformer wiring. I`m not
    certain how to configure the wires.

    0V........ 115v.........230v
    BLK RED YEL
    O/P:0V... 35v 0v....35v
    BLK BLU GRN GRN

    From a ebay auction:
    You are bidding on a new 600VA toroidal transformer. It is precisely
    made for high-end power amp or equipment. It has very low power loss
    and magnetic leak. Labeled input 115 / 230 VAC 50/60 Hz (single coil
    with center tap) and outputs 35VAC x 2 (dual coils). Mounting
    hardware is included. The test results are excellent.
    Voltage Test Result:
    TEST CONDITION: Apply variable voltage to primary coil (115V
    terminals) from 100-180VAC. No load on secondary coils.
    1. Primary V = 100VAC, Primary I = .03A
    2. Primary V = 110VAC, Primary I = .03A
    3. Primary V = 120VAC, Primary I = .04A
    4. Primary V = 130VAC, Primary I = .05A
    5. Primary V = 140VAC, Primary I = .11A
    6. Primary V = 150VAC, Primary I = .15A
    7. Primary V = 160VAC, Primary I = .63A
    Load Test Result:
    TEST CONDITION: Input 120VAC 60Hz to the primary coil; parallel 2
    secondary coils, 10 ohm 250W resistors as dummy load and room
    temperature at 25 degree C. Temperature rises 6 degree C after an
    hour test at load #5.
    1. Primary I = 0.03A, Secondary V = 40.5VAC at 0.0A
    2. Primary I = 1.36A, Secondary V = 39.6VAC at 3.96A
    3. Primary I = 2.66A, Secondary V = 38.6VAC at 7.72A
    4. Primary I = 3.92A, Secondary V = 37.9VAC at 11.37A
    5. Primary I = 5.10A, Secondary V = 37.1VAC at 14.85A
    Dimension – 5.0" Diameter x 2.7" High

  2. #2
    Join Date
    Feb 2004
    Posts
    361
    Pretty straighforward..


    0V........ 115v.........230v
    BLK RED YEL
    O/P:0V... 35v 0v....35v
    BLK BLU GRN GRN

    Neutral to BLK [white wire from wall / cord]
    HOT [115v] to RED [black wire from wall /cord]

    and probably a ground wire to some lug on the body
    [green for wall / cord]

    Output One 35v
    BLK to Neg [-] on recifier
    BLU to Pos [+] on rectifier

    Output Two 35v
    GRN ??
    wait a minute, you sure that is the way they are labeled??

    {PROBABLY} the two greens might be the NEG or grounds, perhaps even common
    and the BLK and BLU are the positive outputs..

    check the connector labels again...or is it GRN GRY??

  3. #3
    Join Date
    Dec 2003
    Posts
    24220
    The original post show two secondaries apparently connected in parallel, if so , the thing to watch is that the secondaries are phased correctly otherwise they will be in opposition. this can detected by a simple voltage test, with a ONE leg of each secondary connected together and the other two unconnected there should be zero voltage across the two open ends for them to be in phase.
    If not swop one of the connected ends for its other leg.
    Al
    CNC, Mechatronics Integration and Custom Machine Design

    “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
    Albert E.

  4. #4
    Join Date
    Nov 2004
    Posts
    174
    I bought this same transformer this week on ebay. Its better to hook them up in parallel so you get max amps out of it. Make sure you get a high amp rated rectifier and cap. These look like nice transformers and the money isn't bad either.. What size did you get? I got he 35v x 2 and 10v on the secondary. I can use the 10v rectified seperatly and come out with 12vdc and 5vdc for the logic and spindle motor. Where did you get your cap(s) from? What size did you get?

  5. #5
    Join Date
    Aug 2004
    Posts
    2849
    Okay, well if you look at the max. secondary current you need to look at large diode bridges (seems that 20 amps is more readily available then 50 amps, I got mine at http://www.mouser.com for about $5 each). I opted for 2 smaller bridges (20 amps), and 47,000 microfarad caps on each secondary.

  6. #6
    Join Date
    Nov 2004
    Posts
    174
    Quote Originally Posted by ViperTX
    and 47,000 microfarad caps on each secondary.
    Where did you get a cap like that? Mouser? What voltage is it rated for?
    How much?

  7. #7
    Join Date
    Aug 2004
    Posts
    2849
    Yes, they are Sprague units 47,000 microfarad at 70 VDC or was it 100....hmmmmm anyway about $32 each...which is about what the surplus units are going for and these are brand new.

  8. #8
    Join Date
    Nov 2004
    Posts
    174
    Quote Originally Posted by ViperTX
    Yes, they are Sprague units 47,000 microfarad at 70 VDC or was it 100....hmmmmm anyway about $32 each...which is about what the surplus units are going for and these are brand new.

    Why did you use such a large valued cap? This is a linear powersupply so I would figure you could get away with 10,000 or a little less. Am I wrong?

  9. #9
    Join Date
    Aug 2004
    Posts
    2849
    When I designed the supply it was for 2.5 % ripple...which at the stated load of 30 amps resulted in a 250,000 microfarad cap....so, I adjusted the value and I should have about 5 % ripple on each output....I've separated the 2 secondaries and feed each secondary into it's own bridge and each output has a 47,000 microfarad capacitor....since I seriously doubt that I'll actually draw a full 15 amps from each output....I expect the ripple to be pretty low.

    Actually switch mode type power supplies can use much smaller capacitors because the frequency they use to convert the DC back....I won't get into it.....anyway SMPS are different.

  10. #10
    Join Date
    Nov 2004
    Posts
    174
    Quote Originally Posted by ViperTX
    since I seriously doubt that I'll actually draw a full 15 amps from each output.

    I thought the transformer was rated at 15amp in parallel mode using both output coils?

  11. #11
    Join Date
    Dec 2003
    Posts
    24220
    Unfortunately the post does not give the VA rating, but according to the test it look like it held up ok with 15 amps with the windings in parallel.
    Al
    CNC, Mechatronics Integration and Custom Machine Design

    “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
    Albert E.

  12. #12
    Join Date
    Aug 2004
    Posts
    2849
    Quote Originally Posted by Al_The_Man
    Unfortunately the post does not give the VA rating, but according to the test it look like it held up ok with 15 amps with the windings in parallel.
    Al
    Good catch...the one I have is a 27 volts at 30 amps.

  13. #13
    Join Date
    May 2005
    Posts
    160
    how did you wire it in parrallel i have a 2 red inputs and 2 black inputs.
    4 black outputs i have found the windings . do you just connect the reds and the blacks of the inputs to run in parallel and then connect the outputs i also havejust recently purchased one of those trans formers seems i tried this and made a big noise for about a half a second then i unplugged it

    when i hook up one winding red and black i get 115v from the other red black. and 52v out of all 4 black outputs

  14. #14
    Join Date
    Dec 2003
    Posts
    24220
    You parallel the inputs, usually red to red & black to black for 110vac supply, (in series for 220v), test this first with all the secondaries open.
    What happed was you did not phase the secondaries properly, identify the secondary windings, you have to have two separate isolated windings to parallel up.
    Measure with a resistance meter with power off to identify them.
    If they both put out the same voltage then, do a search in the forums here for the method to correctly parallel, I have posted before on it.
    Al.
    CNC, Mechatronics Integration and Custom Machine Design

    “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
    Albert E.

  15. #15
    Join Date
    Mar 2007
    Posts
    85
    Quote Originally Posted by Al_The_Man View Post
    ...this can detected by a simple voltage test, with a ONE leg of each secondary connected together and the other two unconnected there should be zero voltage across the two open ends for them to be in phase.
    If not swop one of the connected ends for its other leg.
    Al
    Right... so if you do the test above and you get volts,then the circuit is basically in series and will produce double the secondary voltage?

  16. #16
    Join Date
    Dec 2003
    Posts
    24220
    yes correct. Two windings in phase and in series V=S1 + S2.
    Al.
    CNC, Mechatronics Integration and Custom Machine Design

    “Logic will get you from A to B. Imagination will take you everywhere.”
    Albert E.

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